Choa Chu Kang Waterworks, one of Singapore’s oldest water treatment plants (WTPs), has been upgraded for SGD 162 million, making the process of purifying water more energy and cost efficient. The WTP, which treats water from Kranji, Pandan and Tengeh reservoirs, underwent upgradation over the past three years.

The old sand filtration system at the plant was replaced with ceramic filtration membranes, making the facility the world’s largest ceramic membrane WTP. As part of the upgrade, ozone-biological activated carbon filters were also added to the water treatment process.